Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after 12 months of regular, unprotected, targeted sexual intercourse.

According to data from the Italian National Institute of Health (Istituto Superiore di Sanità)**¹, infertility affects approximately 15% of couples, with a substantially equal distribution between men and women.

Genetic causes account for approximately:

10–15% of male infertility cases;

8–10% of female infertility cases.

These causes may include chromosomal abnormalities or mutations in specific genes involved in reproductive processes.

In approximately 20% of cases, infertility is classified as idiopathic, meaning that no specific etiological factor can be identified through standard diagnostic investigations.

¹ Registro Nazionale PMA – Istituto Superiore di Sanità, “Infertilità e tecniche di PMA”, aggiornamento 09/03/2018